Africa and African continent Essay

Slavery is and it involves conditions of controlling people against their expectations or lives; this can especially be done with violence, compulsion and force. Slavery is practiced so as to obtain cheap labor from people that have been illegally against their will. Slave trade was experienced in almost all African countries the most common form of slave trade was trans-Atlantic slave trade. ( E. W. Duggan (2003). â€Å"Generating systems requirements with facilitated group techniques. † Human-Computer Interaction 18, 373–394. ) Slave trade was the trading of the illegally obtained labor for exchange with cheap goods and services from the western countries, the slaves used to do too much work with very little pay or exchange for goodies from the people who took them as slaves. Slave trade had both negative and positive effects on the traders, the slaves and the African continent as a whole. The impacts were felt in the economical, social and psychological welfare of the African societies. (Thornton, John K. â€Å"Sexual Demography: The Impact of the Slave Trade on Family Structure. † In Slave Trades, 1500-1800. Ed. Patrick Manning. Variorum, 1997: 133-143. ) Impacts of slavery on the African people were; it took away healthy and strong young people who were working in the industries, this slowed down industrialization in Africa; slave trade brought about African racism with the Atlantic world which still affects Africans up to date because Africans were looked down upon as dirty workers; it led to a polygamous society as most of the slaves who were taken were men leaving behind women and children; slavery brought about hatred with different African communities because some rulers wanted to trade their people while others did not want; slave trade brought civilization to the African people as they were able to obtain material that they were not manufacturing locally and at very cheap price. ( J. Mustajoki, R. P. Hamalainen and M. Marttunen (2002). â€Å"Participatory multi-criteria decision analysis with Web-Hipre: a case of lake regulation policy. † Systems Analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology. ) Impacts on the continent of Africa were; due to slave trade Africa was able to be exposed to the outside world; it led to slow growth of population in Africa as most of the slaves were relocated another continent most people were taken as slaves and some died on their way during their shipment; Africa was able to develop economically as there was development in infrastructure, growth of urban centers it also improved living standards in the Africa because the traders and African rulers received a lot of exchange I return for the slaves they sold; it also brought about region a class of very wealthy and highly Europeanized traders who took their children to get better education. ( Thornton, John K. â€Å"Sexual Demography: The Impact of the Slave Trade on Family Structure. † In Slave Trades, 1500-1800. Ed. Patrick Manning. Variorum, 1997: 133-143. ) To conclude slavery and slave trade had impacts in the African people and the African continent. There were either negative and positive impacts on the slave trade depending on your argument one can talk about the positive or the negative impacts. Some people view the slavery and slave trade as the best thing that ever happened in Africa and Europe and some view it as the worst. Because the impacts are still being felt up to date in both Africa and the rest of the world, things like racism are still affecting blacks all over the world because they were taken as slaves though too many efforts have been used to make sure that there is no racism its still affecting Africans allover the world positively it brought a great deal of urbanization in Africa which brought about industrialization, urbanization and all that Africans would have not done that by themselves. If we look at a country like South Africa that attained its independence recently there are great things that the slave trade which led to colonization did in South Africa that any other country in Africa. Reference: 1. Thornton, John K. â€Å"Sexual Demography: The Impact of the Slave Trade on Family Structure. † In Slave Trades, 1500-1800. Ed. Patrick Manning. Variorum, 1997: 133-143. 2. J. Mustajoki, R. P. Hamalainen and M. Marttunen (2002). â€Å"Participatory multi-criteria decision analysis with Web-Hipre: a case of lake regulation policy. † Systems Analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology. 3. E. W. Duggan (2003). â€Å"Generating systems requirements with facilitated group techniques. † Human-Computer Interaction 18, 373–394.

Demat account Essay

The trading on stock exchanges in India used to take place through open outcry without use of information technology for immediate matching or recording of trades. This was time consuming and inefficient. This imposed limits on trading volumes and efficiency. In order to provide efficiency, liquidity and transparency, NSE introduced a nation-wide on-line fully automated screen based trading system where a member can punch into the computer quantities of securities and the prices at which he likes to transact and the transaction is executed as soon as it finds a matching sale or buy order from a counter party. Screen based electronic system electronically matches orders on a strict price/time priority and hence cuts down on time, cost and risk of error, as well as on fraud resulting in improved operational efficiency. It allows faster incorporation of price sensitive information into prevailing prices, thus increasing the informational efficiency of markets. It enables market participants, irrespective of their geographical locations, to trade with one another simultaneous, improving the depth and liquidity of the market. It provides full anonymity by accepting orders, big or small, from members without revealing their identity, thus providing equal access to everybody. It also provides a perfect audit trial, which helps to resolve disputes by logging in the trade execution process entirety. The sucked liquidity from other exchanges and in the very first year of its operation, NSE became the leading stock exchange in the country, impacting the fortunes of other exchanges and forcing them to adopt SBTS also. Today India can boast that almost 100% trading take place through electronic order matching. In order to promote dematerialization of securities, NSE joined hands with leading financial institutions to establish the national securities depository Ltd. (NSDL), the first depository in the country, with the objective of enhancing the efficiency in settlement systems as also to reduce the menace of fake/forged and stolen securities. This has ushered in an era of dematerialised trading and settlement. SEBI has made dematerialised settlement mandatory in an ever -increasing number of securities in a phased manner, thus bringing about an increase in the proportion of shares delivered in dematerialised form. There is an increasing preference to settle trades, particularly in high value securities, in demat form. Such  high level of demat settlement reassures success of rolling settlement. What is DEMAT In India , a demat account, the abbreviation for dematerialised account, is a type of banking account which dematerializes paper-based physical stock shares. Conversion of Securities from Physical (Paper) Mode into Electronic Mode is Called Dematerialisation. The Client opens Demat Account with any DP. Upon Demat, the Certificates are destroyed and credit entry of exactly equal number of Securities is created in Depository in Electronic mode. The B.O. account of holder is credited and the securities loose their identities. The dematerialised account is used to avoid holding physical shares: the shares are bought and sold through a stock broker. This account is popular in India. The market regulator, securities and exchange board of India (SEBI) mandates a demat account for share trading above 500 shares. As of April 2006, it became mandatory that any person holding a demat account should possess a permanent account number (PAN), and the deadline for submission of PAN details to the depository lapsed on January 2007. Dematerialisation is the process by which physical certificates of an investor are converted to an equivalent number of securities in electronic form and credited in the investor’s account with its DP. In order to dematerialize certificates; an investor will have to first open an account with a DP and then request for the dematerialisation of certificates by filling up a dematerialisation request form [DRF], which is available with the DP and submitting the same along with the physical certificates. The investor has to ensure that before the certificates are handed over to the DP for demat, they are defaced by marking â€Å"Surrendered f or Dematerialisation† on the face of the certificates. Objective of the Study †¢ The main objective of the study is to know about the potential of the market regarding people’s dealing in share market. †¢ To know the role of Demat Account . †¢ To know the procedure of opening DEMAT ACCOUNT. †¢ The objective is to know that how many people in the city are aware of the UNICON SECURITIES PVT. LTD. †¢ To know where people have already opened their demat a/c and on what basis. Procedure for Opening an Account A demat account are opened on the same lines as that of a Bank Account. Prescribed Account opening forms are available with the DP, needs to be filled in. Standard Agreements are to be signed by the Client and the DP, which details the rights and obligations of both parties †¢ The DP officials will make available the relevant account opening form (depending on whether the client is a retail investor or corporate client/clearing member) and specify the list of documents regarding references that should be submitted along with the form. It will also give a copy of the relevant agreement to be entered with the client, in duplicate. †¢ The client will submit the duly filled in account opening form and client has to visit personally for opening the account in DP. The DP officials have to do in person verification and affix the â€Å"IN PERSON VERIFICATION† stamp on the account opening form. It should also furnish such documents regarding references, as specified by the DP , along with the account opening form. After executing the agreement the client has to forward it to the DP. †¢ The DP officials will verify that the account opening form is duly filled in. It will also verify the enclosed documents, if any. Incomplete forms will be forwarded to the client for rectification. For Corporate Clients, the DP officials will verify if the board resolution for the authorized signatories is enclosed. †¢ In case the documents are not proper, the DP officials will reject the form and intimate the client of the same, stating the reasons for doing so. †¢ If the form is in order; the DP officials will accept the same and affix the stamp â€Å"verified with original† on each and every proof after seeing the original proofs. †¢ After completion of all documentation, the DP officials will verify the pan from income tax website. And affix the stamp â€Å"PAN VERIFIED† with date and sign on the stamp. †¢ The DP officials will enter the client details as mentioned in the account opening form in the DPM (software provided by NSDL & CDSL to the Participant) screen provided for the purpose. In case of NSDL A/c opening the SR. Assist will capture all the details in the DPM and record the client’s signature (on the form) as specimen for authorizations in the future. †¢ After entering client details in the system, a client account number will be generated by the DPM. The DP officials will enter this in the account opening form. After that the officers will verify the details in the DPM captured by the SR. Assist. and  activate the account. †¢ The DP officials are not allowed to give the demat a/c no to the clients until the a/c is activate, this is applicable for both NSDL & CDSL. †¢ When the demat a/c is activated the DP officials have to send the client master and the copy of agreement between DP and client at the client’s address DEMAT Process †¢ The registered holder of the securities makes the request. †¢ Securities must be recognised by Depository as eligible. †¢ Client submits DRF & physical certificates to DP. DP checks securities. †¢ Client defaces certificates and DP punches two holes on name of company. †¢ DP enters demat request in system for Depository. †¢ DP dispatches certificates along with DRF to R&T. †¢ Depository records the details and sends to R&T. †¢ R&T agent verifies the details and confirms to Depository. †¢ Depository credits the demat securities to BO a/c of client and intimates DP electronically. †¢ DP issues statement to client

Places in the Heart Essay

The film entitled â€Å"Places in the Heart† released in 1984 is a wonderful film that deals with various conflicts in the society. Set during the Great Depression, the term â€Å"family† is defined in a unique manner in the film. The characters were able to depict more about the problems being faced in the stereotypical society full of prejudices and complexities. It was shown in a dramatic way that made viewers enticed until the end. Edna Spalding (Sally Field) was left by her late Husband Sheriff Royce Spalding (Ray Baker) who was murdered accidentally by a drunken man. She was left with two children Frank and Possum on their small farm with an almost penniless pocket. She tries to battle against poverty by acquiring the help of a blind man Mr Will (John Malkovich) whose sight was victimized by Worl War I. In addition to this she was also assisted by a Blackman named Mose (Danny Glover) who manages to help her plant cotton and keep her family intact. Life is never easy for the main characters in the film. They tried to battle against poverty which is really rampant during the great depression. The rich becomes richer and the poor, poorer. In the case of Mrs. Spalding, she is left with all the debts of her husband and the obligation of raising their two kids. During the said era, women are not accepted to work for their family since gender role is given prior importance. But then, Mrs. Spalding is determined to earn for her family and she was able to do this with the help of some people. The farm is a precious possession for her since it symbolizes her family and how they tried to unite and save each and every crop planted on it. On the other hand, Mose is a jobless African American man who kept on asking for alms in the racist society. He is always ridiculed by the people around him because of his skin color and race. He always longed for company and family love because he never experienced gaining respect from people in such prejudice society. He is too industrious and dreamt of planting on a farm of his own. He met Mrs. Spalding who accepted him as he is regardless of the fact that her husband was killed by a Blackman. It is the first time that Mose was accepted as he is and experienced love from a family. In the case of Mr. Will, he was left by his brother Mr. Danby who owns the Spalding’s farm mortgage. Upon Mr. Spaldings death, he offered Edna some charitable help granted that he will look over his brother. Edna accepted the blind man in order to give good impression to Mr. Danby and at the same time gain comfort because of her husband’s death. The Spaldings was able to battle against their mourning because of the support given by Mr. Will and Mose. Their solidarity made them stronger in facing each and every trial that they met as they plant cotton in the farm. Mrs. Spalding wanted to always keep her family bonded and their farm in good condition. Despite the fact that the Spaldings battle against the odds, Edna’s sister Margaret Lomax is also facing her own family problem. She is burdened by the fact that her husband is committing adultery with Viola Kelsey. Their house is set in a depressed area and they have one daughter who is still small. Their only source of income is a small parlor which cannot even sustain their living. An extramarital affair in the film is emphasized as it shows what will happen to a family’s economic condition once there is no fidelity in the household. In the case of the Lomaxs, they are trapped in a deep economical downfall because Mr. Lomax is too busy having affair with Viola Kelsey. Infidelity in marriage is always dishonored in the society and it can be compared to a criminal act. The film wanted to imply that faithfulness in marriage should always be maintained. The main plot about the essence of family and its importance in the lives of the Spaldings is magnificently emphasized in the film. On the other hand the subplot dealing with adultery made additional twist in the film. It made viewers tucked in their seats and wait for more surprising events throughout the film. The end of the film is very catchy since it is very idealistic and full of fantasy. The end of the film shows something that is impossible to happen because characters in the film is seen singing in harmony. Husbands and wives who were separated by fate, unfaithfulness and mistrust is seen together. There are also enemies, friends, colleagues and family. To sum it up the main point of the film ended in a way that everyone manages to find their own places in their hearts, the heart of a true family.

Rock and Roll Music History in Asia Research Paper

Rock and Roll Music History in Asia - Research Paper Example It is not easy to believe, however there was once a time when there was not any trace of rock music. Many of the music historians guess the origins of the rock music back in the year 1954. According to them, it was the phase when the new form of music called â€Å"rock and roll† surfaced and revolted musical trends. The younger generation was happened to be most affected by this new form of music. Rock and Roll music changed the entire world of music and gave new waves of rhythms (Allen 54). This new form of music, of course did not originate in isolation, but was an outcome from the union of two musical forms. These two forms were rhythm-n-blues and country, along with a vista of technological enhancements that developed an innovative beginning of a music market. Similar to jazz, rhythm-n-blues created from the music form called blues. The blues songs were actually getting their concept and origin from African spirituality and work records sung by the African-Americans living the South. One of the greatest creators in the 1950s of the rock music, Little Richard has mostly expressed that rhythm-n-blues had an offspring and it was known as rock and roll. He was definitely right, and numerous eminent artists of Rock and Roll were also the part of the origination of the music form. Among many of them, there were Muddy Waters, Joe Turner, Ray Charles, and Willie Mae Thornton. Initially, the rock and roll became admired in small clubs and on the radio. Afterwards, with the introduction of some famous radio programs, teenagers were able to enjoy their favorite bands on television. Although, not everyone was enthusiastic about this form of music. The majority of the parents didn’t appreciate the evocative dancing, wayward lyrics, and piercing, fast beats (Gill 102). A little time earlier, specifically during the 40s and 50s, rhythm and blues were also growing. Initiated primarily in the rural areas blues created its way into the urban cities. Rhythm and blues were made up of quite peculiar and different styles, including doo-wop and black gospel tunes. Probably, its most crucial aspect was a particular type of twelve bar blues. However, conventional rhythm and blues artists were African American and the topic of the songs mostly had arousal references, it never completely obtained the approval of a national audience like several other famous sounds of the time. Also, most of the music rock and roll artists were the rebellious teenagers who started their musical career while disobeying their parents (Nash 115). In the history of Asian rock and roll, India has been a unique example among developing markets and had a record industry especially in the Gramophone Company of India. The records were largely available, including the rock and roll acts from Britain and the United States. Among these mid 1960s music groups, one of the most famous were the Mystiks originated from Bombay, the Flinstone from Calcutta and Madrasi Beat X. All these groups were influenced by the British invasion and hard rock. These music styles were mostly played regularly in Indian universities and colleges. The origin of Chinese rock music was supposed to be in Beijing. Being the nation’s capital, the genre of the music was tremendous criticized and generated a series of foreign impacts. It was unimportant for the majority of the 1980s, comprising of live shows in minor bars and hotels. The music style was nearly exclusively f or the purpose of high